Chinese character entry via a Pinyin input method

ABSTRACT

A Chinese character Pinyin input method and apparatus are disclosed. The method includes displaying on a human-machine interaction interface (HMI) initial keys representing all initials and simple final keys representing all simple finals. The method further includes, in response to an operation with respect to a simple final, displaying on the HMI auxiliary keys corresponding to the simple final, wherein various combinations of the simple final and symbols represented by the auxiliary keys respectively form compound finals starting with the simple final. The disclosed method and apparatus are especially applicable to inputting Chinese characters on a smart device touchscreen.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates to the field of information processing,and more specifically relates to Chinese character entry via a Pinyininput method.

There are various Pinyin input methods available for quickly inputtingChinese characters on devices, such as computers and mobile phones, byentering Chinese character Pinyin letters. A Shuangpin input method hasbeen proposed in the known art, by which a Chinese character may beinput through entering merely two letters. However, the Shuangpin inputmethod requires users to remember correspondences between keyboardletters and initial symbols and correspondences between keyboard lettersand final symbols.

A Pinyin input method used on touchscreens has been disclosed inCN101950240. According to the specification of the input method, usersneed not remember correspondences between keyboard letters andinitials/finals. A user may complete the Pinyin input of a Chinesecharacter through two strokes or touch actions. According to this inputmethod, in an initial state, an initials keyboard having all initialsarranged thereon is presented on a touchscreen. At first, a user mayclick on or touch an initial key on the initials keyboard, and then therelevant system may dynamically switch the initials keyboard to a finalskeyboard, on which final keys that may be used in conjunction with theselected initial are presented. The user may click on or touch a finalkey on the finals keyboard to complete the Pinyin input of a Chinesecharacter. The system retrieves Chinese characters based on the inputcontent of this Pinyin input and puts them in a candidate character areaas candidates that may be selected by the user. After a user selectionfrom the candidate Chinese characters, the system may return to theinitial state.

During such Chinese character input process, either an initials keyboardor a finals keyboard, on which finals keys that may be used inconjunction with a present initial are arranged, is displayed. Upondisplay of an initials keyboard (e.g., in the initial state), to enter avowel (e.g., “a”) a user must click on or touch a function key otherthan initial keys on the initials keyboard to switch the initialskeyboard to a finals keyboard. Upon display of a finals keyboard, if auser wants to reenter an initial (e.g., in order to correct an initialentered by mistake), the user must click on or touch a function keyother than final keys on the finals keyboard to switch back to theinitials keyboard. During such input process, the user may only vieweither the initials keyboard or the finals keyboard at any given time,which is inconvenient to intuitive operation.

SUMMARY

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved inputmethod for Chinese character entry.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a method is providedthat includes displaying on a human-machine interaction interface (HMI)initial keys representing all initials and simple final keysrepresenting all simple finals. The method further includes, in responseto an operation with respect to a simple final, displaying on the HMIauxiliary keys corresponding to the simple final, wherein variouscombinations of the simple final and symbols represented by theauxiliary keys respectively form compound finals starting with thesimple final.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an apparatus isprovided that includes a main keyboard presentation module configured todisplay on a HMI initial keys representing all initials and simple finalkeys representing all simple finals on a screen. The apparatus furtherincludes an auxiliary keyboard presentation module configured to, inresponse to an operation with respect to a simple final, display on theHMI auxiliary keys corresponding to the simple final, wherein variouscombinations of the simple final and symbols represented by theauxiliary keys respectively form compound finals starting with thesimple final.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, a computerprogram product is provided that includes a computer readable storagemedium having computer readable program code embodied thereon, whereinthe computer readable program code is adapted to perform one or moresteps of the above recited method.

In the present invention, the Chinese phonetic system is constructed asa three-level structure: initials (or initial consonants), simplefinals, and ending parts of compound finals corresponding to the simplefinals. Through selectively and dynamically displaying auxiliary keysrepresenting ending parts of compound finals, initials and finals may bedisplayed simultaneously without consuming excessive screen space.Furthermore, users need not remember any particular keyboard positions,leading to convenient and fast operation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

Through the more detailed description of embodiments of the presentdisclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects,features, and advantages of the present disclosure will become moreapparent. The same reference generally refers to the same componentwithin the embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary computer system 100 applicable to implementthe embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 2 schematically shows a high-level flow chart of a Chinesecharacter Pinyin input method, according to an embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 3 schematically shows a human-machine interaction interface (HMI)that includes an initial state of a keyboard layout during a Pinyininput process, according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 to FIG. 7B schematically show respective HMIs during the Pinyininput process, according to various embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 8A to FIG. 10 schematically show optional keyboard layouts withinrespective HMIs, according to embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 11 schematically shows a block diagram of a Pinyin input apparatus,according to an embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various embodiments are described herein in further detail withreference to the accompanying drawings, in which the preferableembodiments of the present disclosure have been illustrated. However,the present disclosure can be implemented in various ways and thusshould not be construed to be limited to the embodiments disclosedherein. The embodiments disclosed herein are provided to convey thescope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary computer system 100 applicable to implementthe embodiments of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, computersystem 100 may include central processing unit (CPU) 101, random accessmemory (RAM) 102, read-only memory (ROM) 103, system bus 104, hard drivecontroller 105, keyboard controller 106, serial interface controller107, parallel interface controller 108, display controller 109, harddrive 110, keyboard 111, serial peripheral equipment 112, parallelperipheral equipment 113, and display 114. Among these devices, CPU 101,RAM 102, ROM 103, hard drive controller 105, keyboard controller 106,serial interface controller 107, parallel interface controller 108, anddisplay controller 109 are coupled to system bus 104. Hard drive 110 iscoupled to hard drive controller 105. Keyboard 111 is coupled tokeyboard controller 106. Serial peripheral equipment 112 is coupled toserial interface controller 107. Parallel peripheral equipment 113 iscoupled to parallel interface controller 108. Display 114 is coupled todisplay controller 109. It should be understood that computer system 100as shown in FIG. 1 is only for exemplary purposes and does not indicateany limitation to the present invention. In some cases, devices may beadded to or removed from computer system 100 based on specificscenarios.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of the presentinvention may be embodied as a system, method, or computer programproduct. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention may take the formof an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment(including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or anembodiment combining software and hardware aspects that all generallymay be referred to herein as a “circuit,” “module”, or “system.”Furthermore, aspects of the present invention may take the form of acomputer program product embodied in one or more computer readablemedium(s) having computer readable program code embodied thereon.

Any combination of one or more computer readable medium(s) may beutilized. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signalmedium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readablestorage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic,magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system,apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Morespecific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of such computer readablestorage medium would include the following: an electrical connectionhaving one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, arandom access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasableprogrammable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber,a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storagedevice, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of theforegoing. In the context of this disclosure, a computer readablestorage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain or store aprogram for use by or in connection with an instruction executionsystem, apparatus, or device.

A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signalwith computer readable program code embodied therein, e.g., in basebandor as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal may take any of avariety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic,optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signalmedium may be any computer readable medium that is not a computerreadable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, ortransport a program for use by or in connection with an instructionexecution system, apparatus, or device.

Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmittedusing any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless,wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination ofthe foregoing.

Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of thepresent invention may be written in any combination of one or moreprogramming languages, including an object oriented programming languagesuch as Java, Smalltalk, C++, or the like and conventional proceduralprogramming languages, such as the “C” programming language or similarprogramming languages. The program code may execute entirely on a user'scomputer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone softwarepackage, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer,or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario,the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through anytype of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide areanetwork (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer(for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).

Aspects of the present invention are described below with reference toflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus(systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of theinvention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchartillustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in theflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented bycomputer program instructions. These computer program instructions maybe provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, specialpurpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus toproduce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via theprocessor of the computer or other programmable data processingapparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified inthe flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions also may be stored in a computerreadable medium that can direct a computer, other programmable dataprocessing apparatus, or other devices to function in a particularmanner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readablemedium produce an article of manufacture including instructions whichimplement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or blockdiagram block or blocks.

The computer program instructions also may be loaded onto a computer,other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to causea series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, otherprogrammable apparatus, or other devices to produce a computerimplemented process such that the instructions which execute on thecomputer or other programmable apparatus provide processes forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or blockdiagram block or blocks.

The method and apparatus provided in the present invention may beimplemented in computer system 100 shown in FIG. 1.

Basic concepts involved in the present invention are introduced below.The Chinese phonetic (Pinyin) system includes initials (or initialconsonants) and finals. There are 23 initials, including “b”, “p”, “m”,“f”, “d”, “t”, “n”, “l”, “g”, “k”, “h”, “j”, “q”, “x”, “zh”, “ch”, “sh”,“r”, “z”, “c”, “s”, “y, and “w”. There are 33 finals, including simplefinals and compound finals, as shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Simple finals compound finals a ai ao an ang o ou ong e ei eneng er i ia ie iao iu in ian ing iang u ua uai uan ui uang un ü üe üanün

As shown in Table 1, there are 6 simple finals, including “a”, “o”, “e”,“i”, “u”, and “ü”. There are 4 compound finals starting with “a”,including “ai”, “ao”, “an”, and “ang”. There are 2 compound finalsstarting with “o”, including “ou” and “ong”. There are 4 compound finalsstarting with “e”, including “ei”, “en”, “eng”, and “er”. There are 8compound finals starting with “i”, including “ia”, “ie”, “iao”, “iu”,“in”, “ian”, “ing”, and “iang”. There are 6 compound finals startingwith “u”, including “ua”, “uai”, “uan”, “ui”, “uang”, and “un”. Thereare 3 compound finals starting with “ü”, including “üe”, “üan”, and“ün”.

Displaying a virtual keyboard showing all initials and finals on ascreen for selection by users to input Chinese character Pinyin symbolsmay occupy excessive screen space. According to the present invention,the input of a Chinese Pinyin is realized using initial keys, simplefinal keys, and auxiliary keys that are dynamically displayed.

An initial key is used to represent at least one initial. An initial keymay represent one initial. Generally, initial keys are designated by theinitials represented. For example, an initial key representing initial“b” may be designated by “initial key b”, and an initial keyrepresenting initial “zh” may be designated by “initial key zh”. In aparticular embodiment of the present invention, an initial key mayrepresent several initials, e.g., initials “w” and “r” may share thesame initial key.

Simple final keys represent simple finals. Similarly, a simple final keymay represent one or several simple finals. In this description, simplefinal keys are designated by the simple finals represented. For example,a simple final key representing simple final “a” may be designated by“simple final key a”.

Unless particularly specified otherwise herein, in the embodiments aninitial key represents an initial and a simple final key represents asimple final. According to the invention, a corresponding auxiliarykeyboard that is dynamically displayed is provided for each simplefinal. The auxiliary keyboard corresponding to each simple finalincludes auxiliary keys associated with the simple final.

With reference to the drawings, embodiments of inputting Pinyinrepresentations in various forms are described herein.

FIG. 2 schematically shows a high level flow chart of a method 200,according to an embodiment of the present invention. At step 210,initial keys representing all initials and simple final keysrepresenting all simple finals are displayed on a human-machineinteraction interface (HMI), e.g., on a screen. The screen may be adisplay screen of a smart device, such as a computer or a mobile phone,and may include a conventional LED display screen or a touchscreen. Step210 may be initiated in response to operating a smart device by a userto select a Pinyin input method for Chinese character entry. An initialstate is entered as a result of the execution of step 210.

FIG. 3 shows a HMI 300 on a screen of a smart device 305. HMI 300includes an initial state of a keyboard layout used for Pinyin input,according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3,in the initial state, respective initial keys representing all 23initials “b”, “p”, “m”, “f”, “d”, “t”, “n”, “l”, “g”, “k”, “h”, “j”,“q”, “x”, “zh”, “ch”, “sh”, “r”, “z”, “c”, “s”, “y”, and “w” aredisplayed on HMI 300 in an area 310. Respective simple final keysrepresenting all 6 simple finals “a”, “o”, “e”, “i”, “u”, and “ü” alsoare displayed in an area 320.

Area 310 where the initial keys are located on the screen is distinctfrom area 320 where the simple final keys are located. However, suchlocation distinction is not necessary for the present invention. In someparticular embodiments, the initial keys and the simple final keys maybe disposed in the same area without any effect on the implementation ofthe present invention.

Further, in some particular embodiments, relative positions betweeninitial keys and relative positions between simple final keys may differfrom the relative positions as shown in FIG. 3. Various keyboard layoutsthat may be adopted to implement the present invention are describedherein with reference to the drawings.

Returning to FIG. 2, in the initial state, further operations may beperformed to complete the Pinyin input of a Chinese character. At step220 of the method 200, in response to an operation with respect to asimple final, auxiliary keys associated with the simple final aredisplayed, wherein various combinations of the simple final and symbolsrepresented by the auxiliary keys form compound finals starting with thesimple final. As further described herein, auxiliary keys associatedwith respective simple finals are displayed in HMIs as depicted in FIGS.4-7.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the operation withrespect to a simple final at step 220 comprises selecting a simple finalkey representing the simple final. For example, a user may touch asimple final key with a finger, or point to the simple final key with ascreen selection pointer (e.g., a mouse). In some situations, forexample, if there is a relatively large space between simple final keyson the screen, the user may point a finger or a mouse in the proximityof a particular simple final key, or slide towards the simple final keyfrom a position, to indicate an intention of touching the simple finalkey. The smart device on which the screen is provided may determine thatthe above finger/mouse action corresponds to touching the particularsimple final key according to the intention of the user determined basedon the space between simple final keys.

As shown in Table 1, a compound final (e.g., “ai”) is composed of asimple final (e.g., “a”) and an ending part (for example, “i”). In otherwords, if there is an auxiliary key representing “i”, the compound final“ai” may be composed of a simple final “a” and a symbol “i” representedby the auxiliary key.

Table 2 shows simple finals and symbols represented by their associatedauxiliary keys.

TABLE 2 Simple final symbols represented by associated auxiliary keys ai o n ng o u ng e i n ng r i a e ao u n an ng ang u a ai an i ang n ü ean n

For example, the row of simple final “u” shows that there are 6auxiliary keys associated with simple final “u”, representing Pinyinsymbols “a”, “ai”, “an”, “i”, “ang”, and “n”, respectively. Combinationsof simple final “u” and symbols “a”, “ai”, “an”, “i”, “ang”, and “n”respectively form compound finals “ua”, “uai”, “uan”, “ui”, “uang”, and“un” starting with simple final “u”, as shown in Table 1.

As shown in Table 2, the respective combinations of simple finals “a”,“o”, “e”, “i”, “u”, and “ü” and symbols represented by their associatedauxiliary keys form corresponding compound finals.

At step 230 of the method 200, candidate Chinese characterscorresponding to a Pinyin are displayed in a candidate Chinese characterarea. A complete Pinyin of a Chinese character must be entered to inputthe Chinese character with the Pinyin input method. Complete Pinyinrepresentations may be in one of the following forms: (i)“<initial>+<simple final>”, (ii) “<initial>+<compound final>”, (iii)“<simple final>”, and (iv) “<compound final>”. According to embodiments,respective schemes involving these Pinyin forms are described below.Specifically, a first scheme involving a Pinyin having the form“<initial>+<simple final>”, a second scheme involving a Pinyin havingthe form “<initial>+<compound final>”, a third scheme involving a Pinyinhaving the form “<simple final>”, and a fourth scheme involving a Pinyinhaving the form “<compound final>” are described.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the operation withrespect to a simple final at step 220 includes one of (i) touching aninitial key at first and then touching a simple final key representingthe simple final or (ii) sliding from an initial key to a simple finalkey representing the simple final. Such embodiment is applicable to thefirst scheme and the second scheme, as described below.

FIG. 4 schematically shows a HMI 400 during the Pinyin input process,according to an embodiment of the present invention. The input processas illustrated in FIG. 4 represents the first scheme of the presentinvention, corresponding to Pinyin form “<initial>+<simple final>”. FIG.4 illustrates an example in which a Chinese character “

” is inputted through entry of a Pinyin representation in the form“<initial>+<simple final>”.

The input process as illustrated in FIG. 4 starts from the initial stateas shown in FIG. 3. In the initial state, as with HMI 300, initial keysare displayed in an area 410 within a keyboard layout of HMI 400, andsimple final keys are displayed in an area 420, in accordance with step210 of the method 200.

As a first action, as shown by an arrow 415 pointing to simple final “u”from initial “sh”, a user clicks on the initial key “sh” and then clickson the simple final key “u”, or alternatively the user slides a fingerfrom the initial key “sh” to the simple final key “u”. In response toclicking on or touching the simple final key “u”, computer system 100displays corresponding auxiliary keys that are associated with thesimple final key “u”, i.e., auxiliary keys “i”, “a”, “n”, “ai”, “an”,and “ang”, in an area 430 (indicated by a dashed box) of the keyboardlayout of HMI 400, in accordance with step 220 of the method 200.

Additionally, candidate Chinese characters {1.

2.

3.

4.

. . . } corresponding to the Pinyin “shu” are displayed in a candidateChinese character area 440, in accordance with step 230 of the method200. Thus, at step 230 according to the first scheme, candidate Chinesecharacters are displayed in candidate Chinese character area 440corresponding to a Pinyin which is a combination of the initial and thesimple final (in this example, the Pinyin “shu” is a combination of theinitial “sh” and the simple final “u”).

As an additional action, the user selects “

” from the candidate Chinese character area 440, indicating completionof the Pinyin input. Candidate Chinese character area 440 is displayedunder the virtual keyboard display area encompassing areas 410, 420, and430 in HMI 400. In other implementations, candidate Chinese characterarea 440 may be displayed at any other positions. In response to thecompletion of the Pinyin input, the input process returns to the initialstate.

FIGS. 5A and 5B schematically show a HMI 500 during the Pinyin inputprocess, according to a further embodiment of the present invention. Theinput process as illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B represents the secondscheme of the present invention, corresponding to Pinyin form“<initial>+<compound final>”. FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate an example inwhich a Chinese character “

” is inputted through entry of a Pinyin representation in the form“<initial>+<compound final>.”

As shown in FIG. 5A, the input process starts from the initial state inaccordance with step 210 of the method 200. In the initial state,initial keys are displayed in an area 510 within a keyboard layout ofHMI 500, and simple final keys are displayed in an area 520. As a firstaction, as shown by an arrow 515 pointing to simple final “u” frominitial “sh”, a user clicks on the initial key “sh” and then clicks onthe simple final key “u”, or alternatively the user slides a finger fromthe initial key “sh” to the simple final key “u”. This action is thesame as the action shown by arrow 415 in FIG. 4. In response to clickingon or touching the simple final key “u”, computer system 100 displayscorresponding auxiliary keys that are associated with the simple finalkey “u”, i.e., auxiliary keys “i”, “a”, “n”, “ai”, “an”, and “ang”, inan area 530 (indicated by a dashed box) of the keyboard layout of HMI500, in accordance with step 220 of the method 200.

Additionally, as shown in FIG. 5A, candidate Chinese characters {1.

2.

3.

4.

. . . } corresponding to the Pinyin “shu” are displayed in a candidateChinese character area 540. As an additional action, the user clicks onor slides a finger from the simple final key “u” to an auxiliary key“ang”, as shown by an arrow 525 in FIG. 5B pointing from the simplefinal “u” to the auxiliary key “ang”. In response, as shown in FIG. 5B,computer system 100 displays candidate Chinese characters {1.

2.

3.

4.

. . . } corresponding to the Pinyin “shuang” in the candidate Chinesecharacter display area 540. Thus, at step 230 according to the secondscheme, initially candidate Chinese characters are displayed in acandidate Chinese character area 540 corresponding to a Pinyin which isa combination of the initial and the simple final (in this example, thePinyin “shu” is a combination of the initial “sh” and the simple final“u”), as shown in FIG. 5A. Subsequently, in response to selection of oneof the auxiliary keys, candidate Chinese characters are displayedcorresponding to a Pinyin which is a combination of the initial, thesimple final, and a symbol represented by the selected auxiliary key (inthis example, the Pinyin “shuang” is a combination of the initial “sh”,the simple final “u”, and the symbol “ang” represented by the selectedauxiliary key), as shown in FIG. 5B.

As an additional action, the user selects “

” from candidate Chinese character area 540 as shown in FIG. 5B,indicating completion of the Pinyin input. In response to the completionof the Pinyin input, the input process returns to the initial state.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, theoperation with respect to a simple final at step 220 includes directlyclicking on or touching a simple final key representing the simplefinal. Such embodiment is applicable to the third scheme and the fourthscheme, as described below.

FIG. 6 schematically shows a HMI 600 during the Pinyin input process,according to an embodiment of the present invention. The input processas illustrated in FIG. 6 represents the third scheme of the presentinvention, corresponding to Pinyin form “<simple final>”. FIG. 6illustrates an example in which a Chinese character “

” is inputted through entry of a Pinyin representation in the form“<simple final>”.

The input process shown in FIG. 6 starts from the initial state inaccordance with step 210 of the method 200. In the initial state,initial keys are displayed in an area 610 within a keyboard layout ofHMI 600, and simple final keys are displayed in an area 620. As a firstaction, as shown by a spot 615 on the key “a”, a user clicks on ortouches the simple final key “a”. In response to clicking on or touchingthe simple final key “a”, computer system 100 displays auxiliary keys“i”, “o”, “n”, and “ng” corresponding to the simple final key “a” in anarea 630 (indicated by a dashed box) of the keyboard layout of HMI 600,in accordance with step 220 of the method 200.

Additionally, candidate Chinese characters {1.

2.

3.

. . . } corresponding to the Pinyin “a” are displayed in a candidateChinese character area 640, in accordance with step 230 of the method200. Thus, at step 230 according to the third scheme, candidate Chinesecharacters are displayed in candidate Chinese character area 640corresponding to the simple final (in this example, the Pinyin “a” isthe simple final).

As an additional action, the user selects “

” from the candidate Chinese character area 640, indicating completionof the Pinyin input. In response to the completion of the Pinyin input,the input process returns to the initial state.

FIGS. 7A and 7B schematically show a HMI 700 during the Pinyin inputprocess, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The inputprocess as illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 7B represents the fourth schemeof the present invention, corresponding to Pinyin form “<compoundfinal>.” FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate an example in which a Chinesecharacter “

” is inputted through entry of a Pinyin representation in the form“<compound final>”.

As shown in FIG. 7A, the input process starts from the initial state inaccordance with step 210 of the method 200. In the initial state,initial keys are displayed in an area 710 within a keyboard layout ofHMI 700, and simple final keys are displayed in an area 720. As a firstaction, as shown by a spot 715 on the key “a”, a user clicks on ortouches the simple final key “a”. This action is the same as the actionshown by spot 615 in FIG. 6. In response to clicking on or touching thesimple final key “a”, computer system 100 displays auxiliary keys “i”,“o”, “n”, and “ng” corresponding to the simple final key “a” in an area730 (indicated by a dashed box) of the keyboard layout of HMI 700, inaccordance with step 220 of the method 200.

Additionally, as shown in FIG. 7A, candidate Chinese characters {1.

2.

3.

. . . } corresponding to the Pinyin “a” are displayed in a candidateChinese character area 740. As an additional action, the user clicks onor slides a finger from the simple initial key “a” to an auxiliary key“ng”, as shown by arrow 725 in FIG. 7B. In response, as shown in FIG.7B, computer system 100 displays candidate Chinese characters {1.

2.

3.

. . . } corresponding to the Pinyin “ang” in the candidate Chinesecharacter area 740. Thus, at step 230 according to the fourth scheme,initially candidate Chinese characters are displayed in candidateChinese character area 740 corresponding to the simple final (in thisexample, the Pinyin “a” is the simple final), as shown in FIG. 7A.Subsequently, in response to selection of one of the auxiliary keys,candidate Chinese characters are displayed corresponding to a Pinyinwhich is a combination of the simple final and a symbol represented bythe selected auxiliary key (in this example, the Pinyin “ang” is acombination of the simple final “a” and the symbol “ng” represented bythe selected auxiliary key), as shown in FIG. 7B.

As an additional action, the user selects “

” from the candidate Chinese character area 740 as shown in FIG. 7B,indicating the completion of the Pinyin input. In response to thecompletion of the Pinyin input, the input process returns to the initialstate.

According to the four schemes previously described, a complete Chinesecharacter Pinyin input may be completed via at most three button clicksor a finger slide passing through three keys (e.g., in the previouslydescribed second scheme). In some situations, a complete Chinesecharacter Pinyin input may be completed by the user via a touch of asingle Pinyin key (e.g., in the previously described third scheme) orvia two button clicks or a finger slide passing through two keys (e.g.,in the previously described first and fourth schemes).

As previously described, the screen of the smart device 305 shown inFIG. 3 may be a conventional LED display screen or may be a touchscreen.In the latter case, various embodiments as illustrated in FIG. 3 to FIG.7 are especially applicable.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, multiple initialsmay be labeled on one initial key as displayed at step 210, and theinitial represented by the initial key is an initial selected among themultiple initials. According to an embodiment, the selected initial isan initial that is touched or pointed to by a screen selection pointer.

FIG. 8A shows HMI 800 having another configuration of initial keys. Inthe keyboard layout shown in FIG. 8A, multiple initials may share thesame key. For example, initials “s” and “sh” may share the same key. Thekey represents initial “s” when initial “s” is touched or clicked by auser and represents initial “sh” when initial “sh” is touched or clickedby the user. As shown in FIG. 8B, if a finger of a user slides towards asimple final (in this instance, “u”) from a position where initial “sh”is labeled on the key, as indicated by an arrow 815, the key representsinitial “sh”. Thus, candidate Chinese characters corresponding to thePinyin “shu” are displayed in candidate Chinese character area 840. Inan embodiment, multiple simple finals may share the same key as well,which is not described in detail herein.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, relative positionsbetween auxiliary keys, simple final keys, and initial keys satisfy oneof the following conditions: (i) the simple final keys are located abovethe initial keys, and the auxiliary keys associated with a simple finalkey are located above the simple final keys; (ii) the simple final keysare located to the left of the initial keys, and the auxiliary keysassociated with a simple final key are located to the left of the simplefinal keys; (iii) the simple final keys are located to the right of theinitial keys, and the auxiliary keys associated with a simple final keyare located to the right of the simple final keys; or (iv) the simplefinal keys are located below the initial keys, and the auxiliary keysassociated with a simple final key are located below the simple finalkeys.

FIG. 9 shows HMI 900 having another form of the keyboard layout shown inFIG. 8B. In this layout, a simple final key “u” is located to the leftof initial keys, and as shown by a dashed box 930, auxiliary keys “i”,“a”, “n”, “ai”, “an”, and “ang” associated with the simple final key “u”are located to the left of the simple final key “u”. As also shown inFIG. 9, simple finals may be arranged in different directions withrespect to the initial keys. If a finger of a user slides towards asimple final (in this instance, “u”) from a position where initial “sh”is labeled on the key, as indicated by an arrow 915, the key representsinitial “sh”. Thus, candidate Chinese characters corresponding to thePinyin “shu” are displayed in a candidate Chinese character area 940.

FIG. 10 shows other keyboard layouts. Initial keys are omitted from FIG.10. FIG. 10 shows that, for example, the simple final key “a” may bearranged to the right of initial keys, and auxiliary keys “i”, “n”,“ng”, and “o” associated therewith may be arranged into multiple lines(herein, two lines) to the right of this simple final key. Additionally,the simple final key “i” may be arranged below the initial keys, andauxiliary keys “n”, “an”, “ng”, “ao”, “e”, “u”, “a”, and “ang”associated therewith may be arranged below this simple final key, and soforth. The keyboard layouts as described herein and as illustrated inFIG. 10 are all within the scope of the present invention.

Various embodiments of implementing the method of the present inventionhave been described above with reference to the drawings. Those skilledin the art may understand that the above method may be implemented insoftware, hardware, or a combination thereof. Also, those skilled in theart may understand that various steps of the above method may beimplemented in software, hardware, or a combination thereof. A Chinesecharacter Pinyin input apparatus based on the concept of the presentinvention may be provided. Due to the function of software contained inthe apparatus, the apparatus exhibits features distinct from generalprocessing devices, even though the apparatus is the same as generalprocessing devices in its hardware structure, to form the apparatus ofvarious embodiments of the present invention. The apparatus of thepresent invention comprises a number of units or modules, which may beconfigured to perform corresponding steps. Those skilled in the art mayunderstand how to program to realize actions executed by those units ormodules via the disclosure presented herein.

Referring to FIG. 11, a simple block diagram of a Chinese characterPinyin input apparatus 1100 according to an embodiment of the presentinvention is schematically shown. As shown, apparatus 1100 includes amain keyboard presentation module 1110 and an auxiliary keyboardpresentation module 1120. The main keyboard presentation module 1110 isconfigured to display initial keys representing all initials and simplefinal keys representing all simple finals on a HMI, e.g., on a screen.The auxiliary keyboard presentation module 1120 is configured to, inresponse to an operation with respect to a simple final, display on theHMI auxiliary keys corresponding to the simple final, wherein variouscombinations of the simple final and symbols represented by theauxiliary keys respectively form compound finals starting with thesimple final. The screen may be a conventional LED display screen or maybe a touchscreen. According to an embodiment, apparatus 1100 includesChinese character selection module 1130.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the operation withrespect to a simple final includes one of (i) touching an initial keyand then touching a simple final key representing the simple final or(ii) sliding from an initial key to a simple final key representing thesimple final.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the Chinesecharacter selection module 1130 is configured to display in a candidateChinese character area candidate Chinese characters corresponding to aPinyin which is a combination of an initial represented by the initialkey and the simple final.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the Chinesecharacter selection module 1130 is further configured, in response toselection of one of the auxiliary keys by the user, to display in thecandidate Chinese character area Chinese characters corresponding to aPinyin which is a combination of an initial represented by the initialkey, the simple final, and a symbol represented by the auxiliary key.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, theoperation with respect to a simple final includes directly clicking onor touching a simple final key representing the simple final. Accordingto such embodiment, the Chinese character selection module 1130 isconfigured to display in a candidate Chinese character area candidateChinese characters corresponding to the simple final. Those skilled inthe art may understand that the selection module with the functionalityas described in this embodiment may be separate from the selectionmodule with the functionality as described in the previous embodiment ormay be a further functional expansion of the selection module with thefunctionality as described in the previous embodiment.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the Chinesecharacter selection module 1130 is further configured, in response toselection of one of the auxiliary keys, to display in the candidateChinese character area candidate Chinese characters corresponding to aPinyin which is a combination of the simple final and a symbolrepresented by the auxiliary key.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, multiple initialsare labeled on the initial key, and the initial represented by theinitial key is an initial selected among the multiple initials.According to an embodiment, the selected initial is an initial that istouched or pointed to by a screen selection pointer.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the main keyboardpresentation module 1110 and the auxiliary keyboard presentation module1120 are configured such that relative positions between the auxiliarykeys, the simple final keys, and the initial keys on the screen satisfyone of the following conditions: (i) the simple final keys are locatedabove the initial keys, and the auxiliary keys associated with a simplefinal key are located above the simple final keys; (ii) the simple finalkeys are located to the left of the initial keys, and the auxiliary keysassociated with a simple final key are located to the left of the simplefinal keys; (iii) the simple final keys are located to the right of theinitial keys, and the auxiliary keys associated with a simple final keyare located to the right of the simple final keys; or (iv) the simplefinal keys are located below the initial keys, and the auxiliary keysassociated with a simple final key are located below the simple finalkeys.

The Chinese character Pinyin input apparatus of the present inventionhas been described above. In the embodiments illustrating the apparatus,contents that are the same with respect to the apparatus as with respectto the Chinese character Pinyin input method, or contents that may bederived from the above description, have been omitted.

In accordance with the Chinese character Pinyin input method andapparatus of the present invention, in the initial state, all initialkeys and all simple final keys are displayed on a screen. When a simplefinal is touched by a user, multiple auxiliary keys corresponding tosuch simple final are automatically displayed. Thus, the input of acomplete Pinyin may be realized through starting from a key position onan initial key, passing through a simple final key, and sliding to a keyposition on a corresponding auxiliary key. Therefore, user operation isachieved without the need of remembering key positions. Initial keys,simple final keys, and dynamically generated auxiliary keys aresimultaneously displayed on the screen, making it possible to display aslide path of a finger or a screen pointer in the virtual keyboard areawithout occupying excessive screen space.

The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate thearchitecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementationsof systems, methods, and computer program products according to variousembodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in theflowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portionof code, which comprises one or more executable instructions forimplementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be notedthat, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in theblock may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, twoblocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantiallyconcurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverseorder, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be notedthat each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, andcombinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchartillustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-basedsystems that perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations ofspecial purpose hardware and computer instructions.

The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present inventionhave been presented for purposes of illustration but are not intended tobe exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Manymodifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skillin the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the describedembodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain theprinciples of the embodiments, the practical application or technicalimprovement over technologies found in the marketplace, or to enableothers of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodimentsdisclosed herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. A Pinyin input method comprising: displaying on a human-machine interaction interface (HMI) initial keys representing initials included in a Pinyin system; displaying on the HMI simple final keys representing simple finals included in the Pinyin system; and in response to an operation with respect to a simple final: dynamically displaying on the HMI auxiliary keys corresponding to the simple final, wherein various combinations of the simple final and symbols represented by the auxiliary keys respectively form compound finals starting with the simple final; and dynamically displaying on the HMI candidate Chinese characters corresponding to a Pinyin in a candidate Chinese character area simultaneously with Roman characters displayed on the initial keys in an initial key area, Roman characters displayed on the simple final keys in a simple final key area, and Roman characters displayed on the auxiliary keys in an auxiliary key area, wherein the simple final key area is positioned between the auxiliary key area and the initial key area.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the operation with respect to the simple final comprises one of (i) touching an initial key and then touching a simple final key representing the simple final or (ii) sliding from an initial key to a simple final key representing the simple final.
 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the Pinyin is a combination of an initial represented by the initial key and the simple final.
 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: in response to selection of one of the auxiliary keys, dynamically displaying in the candidate Chinese character area candidate Chinese characters corresponding to a Pinyin which is a combination of an initial represented by the initial key, the simple final, and a symbol represented by the selected auxiliary key.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the operation with respect to the simple final comprises directly clicking on or touching a simple final key representing the simple final, and wherein the Pinyin corresponds to the simple final.
 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising: in response to selection of one of the auxiliary keys, dynamically displaying in the candidate Chinese character area candidate Chinese characters corresponding to a Pinyin which is a combination of the simple final and a symbol represented by the selected auxiliary key.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the candidate Chinese character area is linearly partitioned from the initial key area.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the initial key area is linearly partitioned from the simple final key area.
 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the candidate Chinese character area includes the Pinyin in addition to the candidate Chinese characters.
 10. A computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program code embodied thereon, wherein the computer readable storage medium is not a transitory signal per se, and wherein the computer readable program code is adapted to: display on an HMI initial keys representing initials included in a Pinyin system; display on the HMI simple final keys representing simple finals included in the Pinyin system; and in response to an operation with respect to a simple final: dynamically display on the HMI auxiliary keys corresponding to the simple final, wherein various combinations of the simple final and symbols represented by the auxiliary keys respectively form compound finals starting with the simple final; and dynamically display on the HMI candidate Chinese characters corresponding to a Pinyin in a candidate Chinese character area simultaneously with Roman characters displayed on the initial keys in an initial key area, Roman characters displayed on the simple final keys in a simple final key area, and Roman characters displayed on the auxiliary keys in an auxiliary key area, wherein the simple final key area is positioned between the auxiliary key area and the initial key area.
 11. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the operation with respect to a simple final comprises one of (i) touching an initial key and then touching a simple final key representing the simple final or (ii) sliding from an initial key to a simple final key representing the simple final.
 12. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the operation with respect to the simple final comprises directly clicking on or touching a simple final key representing the simple final, and wherein the Pinyin corresponds to the simple final.
 13. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the computer program product is associated with a Pinyin input HMI apparatus including the initial key area, the simple final key area, the auxiliary key area, and the candidate Chinese character area.
 14. A Pinyin input method comprising: displaying on an HMI initial keys representing initials included in a Pinyin system; displaying on the HMI simple final keys representing simple finals included in the Pinyin system; and in response to an operation with respect to a simple final: dynamically displaying on the HMI auxiliary keys corresponding to the simple final, wherein various combinations of the simple final and symbols represented by the auxiliary keys respectively form compound finals starting with the simple final; and dynamically displaying on the HMI candidate Chinese characters corresponding to a Pinyin in a candidate Chinese character area simultaneously with Roman characters displayed on the initial keys in an initial key area, Roman characters displayed on the simple final keys in a simple final key area, and Roman characters displayed on the auxiliary keys in an auxiliary key area, wherein the initial key area is positioned between the simple final key area and the candidate Chinese character area.
 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the operation with respect to the simple final comprises one of (i) touching an initial key and then touching a simple final key representing the simple final or (ii) sliding from an initial key to a simple final key representing the simple final.
 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the Pinyin is a combination of an initial represented by the initial key and the simple final.
 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising: in response to selection of one of the auxiliary keys, dynamically displaying in the candidate Chinese character area candidate Chinese characters corresponding to a Pinyin which is a combination of an initial represented by the initial key, the simple final, and a symbol represented by the selected auxiliary key.
 18. The method of claim 14, wherein the operation with respect to the simple final comprises directly clicking on or touching a simple final key representing the simple final, and wherein the Pinyin corresponds to the simple final.
 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising: in response to selection of one of the auxiliary keys, dynamically displaying in the candidate Chinese character area candidate Chinese characters corresponding to a Pinyin which is a combination of the simple final and a symbol represented by the selected auxiliary key.
 20. The method of claim 14, wherein the candidate Chinese character area is linearly partitioned from the initial key area.
 21. The method of claim 14, wherein the initial key area is linearly partitioned from the simple final key area.
 22. The method of claim 14, wherein the candidate Chinese character area includes the Pinyin in addition to the candidate Chinese characters.
 23. A computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program code embodied thereon, wherein the computer readable storage medium is not a transitory signal per se, and wherein the computer readable program code is adapted to: display on an HMI initial keys representing initials included in a Pinyin system; display on the HMI simple final keys representing simple finals included in the Pinyin system; and in response to an operation with respect to a simple final: dynamically display on the HMI auxiliary keys corresponding to the simple final, wherein various combinations of the simple final and symbols represented by the auxiliary keys respectively form compound finals starting with the simple final; and dynamically display on the HMI candidate Chinese characters corresponding to a Pinyin in a candidate Chinese character area simultaneously with Roman characters displayed on the initial keys in an initial key area, Roman characters displayed on the simple final keys in a simple final key area, and Roman characters displayed on the auxiliary keys in an auxiliary key area, wherein the initial key area is positioned between the simple final key area and the candidate Chinese character area.
 24. The computer program product of claim 23, wherein the operation with respect to a simple final comprises one of (i) touching an initial key and then touching a simple final key representing the simple final or (ii) sliding from an initial key to a simple final key representing the simple final.
 25. The computer program product of claim 23, wherein the computer program product is associated with a Pinyin input HMI apparatus including the initial key area, the simple final key area, the auxiliary key area, and the candidate Chinese character area. 